{"id":10485,"date":"2023-06-16T15:20:33","date_gmt":"2023-06-16T12:20:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/?page_id=10485"},"modified":"2023-06-16T15:20:33","modified_gmt":"2023-06-16T12:20:33","slug":"movy-natsionalnyh-menshyn-zakarpattya-v-ukrayinskomu-medijnomu-dyskursi-pid-chas-vijny","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/https-ukrmova-iul-nasu-org-ua-https-ukrmova-iul-nasu-org-ua-vypusky-zhurnalu-html-html-html-html\/2023-2\/zhurnal-ukrayinska-mova-2-86-2023\/movy-natsionalnyh-menshyn-zakarpattya-v-ukrayinskomu-medijnomu-dyskursi-pid-chas-vijny\/movy-natsionalnyh-menshyn-zakarpattya-v-ukrayinskomu-medijnomu-dyskursi-pid-chas-vijny.html","title":{"rendered":"The languages of the national minorities of Transcarpathia in the Ukrainian media discourse during the war"},"content":{"rendered":"<strong><em>Vasyl Sharkan<\/em><\/strong>, PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Journalism<br \/>\nUzhhorod National University<br \/>\n14 Universytetska St., Uzhhorod 88000, Ukraine<\/p>\n<p>E-mail: <a href=\"mailto:vasyl.sharkan@uzhnu.edu.ua\">vasyl.sharkan@uzhnu.edu.ua<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-5756\">https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-5756<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Heading:<\/strong>\u00a0Articles<br \/>\n<strong>Language:<\/strong>\u00a0Ukrainian<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong>: The article analyzes the peculiarities of discussing the issue of languages of national mi\u00adnorities of Transcarpathia in Ukrainian online media between April 25, 2019 (after the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law \u201cOn Ensuring the Functioning of Ukrai\u00adnian as the State Language\u201d in the second reading) and December 2022. It has been traced that in Ukraine, the level of interest in Hungarian, Romanian, Slovak, and Polish languages during this period (according to Google Trends) was heterogeneous and in\u00adcreased significantly after the outbreak of Russia\u2019s full-scale war against Ukraine on February 24, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>Publications on the languages of national minorities in Transcarpathia mainly concern the Hungarian community (75 %), with only a tiny part covering the Romanian (3 %), Slovak and Roma (2 % each), and German (1 %). 17 % of publications cover the issues of several national communities simultaneously. \u201cKarpatskyi Objektyv\u201d and \u201cZakarpat- tya online\u201d are the media that most often cover this issue. The analysis led to the con\u00adclusion\u00a0that before Russia\u2019s full-scale attack on Ukraine, online media covered the pros\u00adpects for the functioning of the Hungarian language in educational institutions in Transcarpathia most of all. However, after the beginning of Russia\u2019s post-wide invasion, this issue was relegated to the background, and more attention was paid to the function\u00ading of the Russian language in Ukraine, the discussion of the law on national minorities, and the creation of new opportunities for learning Ukrainian, including for representa\u00adtives of national minorities. Taking into account the observed content trends in media publications, it is suggested that the language issue has been a pretext for Hungary to obstruct Ukraine\u2019s integration with NATO rather than a reason.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> language of national minorities, Transcarpathia, media, Hungarian language, Ro\u00admanian language, Slovak language, Ukrainian language.<\/p>\n<p><strong>LEGEND<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u0413\u041a<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Voice of the Carpathians.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"http:\/\/goloskarpat.info\/\">http:\/\/goloskarpat.info\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Glavcom<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/glavcom.ua\/\">https:\/\/glavcom.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Ec<\/strong><strong>\u043f<\/strong><strong>peco<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Espreso.TV.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/espreso.tv\/\">https:\/\/espreso.tv\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0404\u041f<\/strong> \u2014 <em>European Truth.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurointegration\">https:\/\/www.eurointegration<\/a>.com.ua\/ (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0417\u041e<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Transcarpathia Online.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/zakarpattya.net\">https:\/\/zakarpattya.net<\/a>.ua\/ (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>KO<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Carpathian Lens.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"http:\/\/ko.net.ua\/\">http:\/\/ko.net.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>024<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Education24.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/education.24tv.ua\/\">https:\/\/education.24tv.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0421\u0443\u0441\u043f<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Suspilne<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/suspilne.media\/\">https:\/\/suspilne.media\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0421\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Today<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/ukraine.segodnya.ua\/\">https:\/\/ukraine.segodnya.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0423\u0406<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Ukrinform<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukrinform.ua\/\">https:\/\/www.ukrinform.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0423\u041a<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Government Courier.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/ukurier.gov.ua\/\">https:\/\/ukurier.gov.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0423\u041d\u0406\u0410\u041d<\/strong> \u2014 <em>UNIAN<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unian.ua\/\">https:\/\/www.unian.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>BBC<\/strong> \u2014 <em>BBC News Ukraine.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www\">https:\/\/www<\/a>.bbc.com\/ukrainian (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Bigmir<\/strong> \u2014 Rating by Media and Periodicals Group. <em>Rating Bigmir)net.<\/em> Retrieved November 30, 2021 from <a href=\"http:\/\/top.bigmir.net\/show\/mass_media\/0\/?u=6&amp;t2=1&amp;o=\">http:\/\/ top.bigmir.net\/show\/mass_media\/0\/?u=6&amp;t2=1&amp;o=<\/a> h&amp; (in Russian).<br \/>\n<strong>DW<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Deutsche Welle.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/uk\/\">https:\/\/www.dw.com\/uk\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>GN<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Google News.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/\">https:\/\/news.google.com\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>GT<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Google Trends<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/trends.google.com.ua\/\">https:\/\/trends.google.com.ua\/<\/a>trends\/?geo=UA (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>IP<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Infopost<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/infopost.media\/\">https:\/\/infopost.media\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>KIS<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Karpati Igaz Szo<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/kiszo.news\/\">https:\/\/kiszo.news\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>MN<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Mukachevo.net.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mukachevo.net\/\">http:\/\/www.mukachevo.net\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>MV<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Media Vista.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/mediavista.com.ua\/\">https:\/\/mediavista.com.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Opendatabot<\/strong> \u2014 NGO \u201cTUKZ-KMKS\u201d. EDRPOU code 20440111. <em>Opendatabot<\/em>. Retrie\u00adved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/opendatabot.ua\/c\/20440111\">https:\/\/opendatabot.ua\/c\/20440111<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Uaspectr<\/strong> \u00a0\u2014 Rating of the Most Popular Media in Transcarpathia (2021). <em>Ukrainian Spectrum.<\/em> Retrieved November 30, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/uaspectr.com\/2020\/09\/07\/%20rejtyng-najpopulyarnishyh-zmi-zakarpattya\/\">https:\/\/uaspectr.com\/2020\/09\/07\/ rejtyng-najpopulyarnishyh-zmi-zakarpattya\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Ukr<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Ukrainer<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/ukrainer.net\/\">https:\/\/ukrainer.net\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\n<strong>Varosh<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Varosh<\/em>. Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/varosh.com.ua\/\">https:\/\/varosh.com.ua\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<\/p>\n<p><strong>REFERENCES<br \/>\n<\/strong>Bidzilia, Yu.M. (2018). Media of Multinational Transcarpathia: Problems of Ethnic and Civic Identity Formation. <em>Horizons of Printing, 1<\/em>, 23\u201439. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/\">https:\/\/doi.org\/<\/a>10.20535\/2522-1078.2018.1.132817 (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nChernychko, S.S. (2018). State Language for Hungarians in\u00a0Transcarpathia: a Factor of Integration, Segregation or Assimilation? <em>Strategic priorities, 1,<\/em> 97\u2014105. Retrieved December 15, 2022 from <a href=\"http:\/\/nbuv.gov.ua\/UJRN\/spa_2018_1_16\">http:\/\/nbuv.gov.ua\/UJRN\/spa_ 2018_1_16<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nDutsyk, D., &amp; Dvorovyi, M. (2019). <em>National Minorities of Ukraine and the Media: Toward Understanding through Tolerance.<\/em> A Guide for Journalists. Kyiv: TOV SIHMATREID (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nErman, H. (2018). \u201cThree Stabs in the Back\u201d: What Hungary Accuses Ukraine of. <em>BBC News Ukraine<\/em> (April 26, 2018). Retrieved December 15, 2022 from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc\">https:\/\/www.bbc<\/a>.com\/ukrainian\/features-43898566 (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nKotsur, V.V. (2018). The Hungarian National Minority in the Multi-Ethnic Space of Ukraine in the Twenty-First Century: The Language Factor. <em>Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. Series: International relations, <\/em><em>3<\/em>, 45\u201453 (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nLaw of Ukraine \u201cOn National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine\u201d (\u2116 2827-IX, December 13, 2022). <em>Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.<\/em> Retrieved January 20, 2023 from <a href=\"https:\/\/zakon.rada.gov.ua\/laws\/show\/2827-20%23Text\">https:\/\/zakon.rada.gov.ua\/laws\/show\/2827-20#Text<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nOn the Number and Composition of the Population of the Transcarpathian Region accor\u00adding to the Results of the All-Ukrainian Population Census of 2001. <em>State Statistics Committee of Ukraine.<\/em> Retrieved January 2, 2023 from <a href=\"http:\/\/2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua\/\">http:\/\/2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua\/<\/a>results\/general\/nationality\/zakarpatia\/ (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nSharkan, V. (2022). The Language Issue of the National Minorities of Transcarpatia in the Ukrainian Media 2019\u20142021. <em>Obraz, 2<\/em>(39), 64\u201480. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21272\/\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21272\/<\/a> Obraz.2022.2(39)-64-80 (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nSheiko, Yu. (2022). What are the Conditions of Candidate Status for Ukraine Proposed by the European Commission. <em>Deutsche Welle<\/em> (June 17, 2022). Retrieved July 12, 2022 from <a href=\"https:\/\/p.dw.com\/p\/4CrsG\">https:\/\/p.dw.com\/p\/4CrsG<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nShukh, S., &amp; Harahonych, I. (2014). Media Owners. Who Owns\u00a0the Transcarpathian Me\u00addia. <em>Panorama Media Group<\/em> (July 21, 2014). Retrieved January 12, 2023 from https:\/\/pmg.ua\/life\/3567-mediagazdy-komu-nalezhat-zakarpatski-zmi (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nShumytska, H.V. (2019a). <em>Through Dialogue to Mutual Understanding in a Multilingual Spa\u00adce: Regional Reception of Language Innovations in Education.<\/em> Monograph. Uzhhorod: Grazhda (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nShumytska, H.V., &amp; Putrashyk, V.I. (2017). Media Reaction to Article 7 of the Law \u201cOn Education\u201d as a Reflection of the Current Language Situation in Ukraine (based on the materials of news web resources of Transcarpathia). <em>Scientific Potential and Prospects for the Development of Philological Sciences: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Kyiv, December 8-9, 2017<\/em> (pp. 174\u2014178). Kyiv: Tavriiskyi natsionalnyi universytete imeni V.I. Vernadskoho (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nShumytska, H.V., &amp; Putrashyk, V.I. (2018). The Language Issue in Ukraine after the Venice Commission\u2019s Conclusions: Transcarpathian Online Media Course. <em>Taurida Philological Scientific Readings: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Kyiv, January 26-27, 2018<\/em> (pp. 188\u2014193). Kyiv: Tavriiskyi natsionalnyi universytete imeni V.I. Vernadskoho (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nShumytska, H.V., &amp; Putrashyk, V.I. (2019). Language Legislation of Ukraine in the Projections of the Online Media Space of Transcarpathia. <em>Collection of Proceedings of the XXV (jubilee) International Scientific and Practical Conference on the Functioning and Development of the Ukrainian Language \u201cLanguage. Society. Journalism\u201d (Kyiv, November 5, 2019)<\/em> (pp. 187\u2014194). Kyiv: b. v. (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nThe Consequences of the War: Less than 100 thousand Hungarians left in Zakarpattia \u2014 Laszlo Zubanych. <em>Infopost<\/em> (March 26, 2022). Retrieved December 15, 2022 from <a href=\"https:\/\/infopost.media\/naslidky-vijny-na-zakarpatti-zalyshylosya-menshe-100-tysyach-ugorcziv-laslo-zubanych\/\">https:\/\/infopost.media\/naslidky-vijny-na-zakarpatti-zalyshylosya-menshe-100-tysyach-ugorcziv-laslo-zubanych\/<\/a> (in Ukrainian).<br \/>\nTyshchenko, Yu.A. (2018). Sensitivity of the Language Issue in Education, Multilingual Education for Transcarpathia. <em>Strategic Priorities, 1<\/em>, 84\u201488. Retrieved December 15, 2022 from <a href=\"http:\/\/nbuv.gov.ua\/UJRN\/spa_2018_1_14\">http:\/\/nbuv.gov.ua\/UJRN\/spa_2018_1_14<\/a> (in Ukrainian).","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vasyl Sharkan, PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Journalism Uzhhorod National University 14 Universytetska St., Uzhhorod 88000, Ukraine E-mail: vasyl.sharkan@uzhnu.edu.ua https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-5756 Heading:\u00a0Articles Language:\u00a0Ukrainian Abstract: The article analyzes the peculiarities of discussing the issue of languages of national mi\u00adnorities of Transcarpathia in Ukrainian online media between April 25, 2019 (after the Verkhovna Rada [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"parent":10479,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-doi.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10485"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10485"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10486,"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10485\/revisions\/10486"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ukrmova.iul-nasu.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}