Communicative-pragmatic officials of vocative activity in the modern language usage

Iryna Samoilova, Candidate of Sciences in Philology, Senior Researcher in the Department of Lexicology, Lexicography and Structural-Mathematical Linguistics
Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
4 Mykhailo Hrushevskyi St., Kyiv 01001, Ukraine

E-mail: irysamojlova@ukr.net
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-0080

Heading: Articles
Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: The article examines nouns denoting the sphere of emotions with a view to presenting them in the form of the vocative singular in the explanatory dictionary of the Ukrainian language of the active type. One of the main principles of compiling an active dictionary is to provide detailed information about the functioning of words, their combinatory capabilities, and contextual environment. In an active-type dictionary, it is important to reflect the ability of tokens to perform a syntactic function. In the articles of the active-type dictionary, it is intended to present the case paradigm in detail, in particular the inflections of the vocative case. The functioning of vocative forms of names of emotions радість (joy), гнів (anger), доброта (kindness) and насолода (pleasure) is traced on the illustrative material of the General Regionally Annotated Corpus of the Ukrainian Language. In general, the research methodology was aimed at finding updated (supplemented, clarified) forms of constructing semantic, grammatical, and illustrative zones in the structure of a dictionary article and lexicographic modeling of the article itself. Based on the analysis of definitions of lexeme-names in specialized and general-language dictionaries, the functioning of different styles in literature, connective possibilities, and contextual environment, the semantic zone of dictionary entries of lexeme-names of emotions was clarified, the grammatical zone was supplemented by indicating the inflection of the vocative case, and the illustrative part was expanded accordingly. The proposed lexicographic modeling of the article on the lexeme-name насолода (pleasure) reflects the communicative-pragmatic marking of the register word, which meets the tasks of an active explanatory dictionary of the Ukrainian language to be a reference source in modern language use.

Keywords: explanatory dictionary of the active type, noun, vocative, vocative case, name of emotion, address.

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Received 13.01.2026   Approved 19.03.2026   Рublished 00.04.2026