Wordforming formants antonymyin modern Ukrainian Literary Language

Iryna Denysovets,
PhD in Philology, Assoñiate Professor, Deputy Dean, National University «Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic»
24 Pershotravnevy Ave., Poltava 36000, Ukraine
E-mail: denysovets.ira@gmail.com
https://ORCID.ID/0000-0002-1424-1652

Heading: Researches
Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: The article deals with theoretical aspects of wordforming antonymy phenomenon study in modern Ukrainian literary language. It is determined that two components are organically combined in antonymy: lexical and wordforming

system. The evolution of the concept «wordforming antonymy» in the works of Ukrainian and foreign linguists has been traced. The role of derivational antonymy in the lexical composition formation of modern Ukrainian is outlined. The peculiarities of the functioning wordforming formants (prefixes and suffixes) during the formation of antonymic relations are characterized. The nouns, adjectives and verbs of antonymy pairs, formed by two common root words, whose juxtaposition is possible by wordforming affixes, are analyzed. It is emphasized that the antonymy of wordforming formants in modern Ukrainian literary language is widely represented by polar meanings of both Ukrainian and international prefixes and suffixes. It is observed that among common root antonymy pairs, those that emerge with prefixes of opposite or negative meaning prevail. Antonymy pairs of nouns, adjectives and verbs formed by wordforming prefixes and suffixes of opposite or negative meaning or the first components of compound words with identical second are defined and presented. It is traced that the antonymy of wordforming formants in modern Ukrainian literary language is widely represented by the polar meanings of both specific Ukrainian and foreignlanguage prefixes, seldom suffixes. It is determined that the productive means of creating wordforming noun antonyms in the Ukrainian language are prefixes with wordforming meaning of contradiction and opposite. It has been found that it is productive to create anonymous pairs of masculine and feminine nouns with the meaning of fineness / prudence and coarseness using the proper Ukrainian suffixes. It is observed that a characteristic manifestation of common root antonymy in adjectives of the Ukrainian language is the relation based on the model, a prefixless word — a word with a prefix. It is found that the branched antonymic system is composed of verbs with different prefixes. It is emphasized that the wordformation antonymy of nouns, adjectives and adjectives mainly reflects the wordantonymy of common root verbs.

Keywords: lexical antonymy, wordforming antonymy, antonymic relations, antonymy of wordforming means, wordforming antonyms, antonymic common root pairs.

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