Development of Serbian monolingual lexicography

Rajna Dragićević
Redovni profesor University of Belgrade
Belgrade, Serbia
E-mail: rajna.dragicevic@fil.bg.ac.rs

Heading: Researches
Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: The Serbian lexicography can be divided into the pre-Vuk period and post-Vuk period. The dividing line presents the Serbian Dictionary by Vuk Stefanovich Karagich, a reformer of the Serbian language. The Serbian Cyrillic pre-Vuk lexicography started to develop in the second part of the 18th century, when the Serbs trying to find a sanctuary from the Turkish terror, in great numbers immigrated to the Hapsburg Monarchy. To be able to adjust to a new environment, they began to compile and publish bilingual dictionaries, namely German-Serbian or Latin-Serbian. The Serbian part of those dictionaries was written in Slavonic-Serbian language, the mixture of the Serbian folk language and Russian folk language and a Serbian and Russian editing of Old-Slavonic language. The influence of the Russian language is explained by the fact that the Serbs in trying to keep the Orthodox faith and Serbian language living in the Hapsburg Monarchy organized Russian schools taught by Russian teachers.

Vuk’s dictionary is the first work written in a pure Serbian folk language. This dictionary is important for the Serbian lexicography, among other things, for the fact that it contains the terminology from the various fields, confirmed by the citations from the Serbian literature. The Vuk’s dictionary later served as a starting point for all later dictionary works. His dictionary was written in reformed Cyrillic alphabet, which places this dictionary among the most important works of all time in the Serbian culture. This is when the modern Serbian language began. The post-Vuk lexicography has undergone two phases – Serbo-Croatian (Yugoslav) and Serbian (Post-Yugoslav). The dividing line presents the last decade of the 20th century, when the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia occurred. This paper gives the basic information on the most important dictionaries, which represent all of the phases in the development of Serbian lexicography. In this paper, the most important Serbian dictionaries are divided into two groups: general and special. More attention is devoted to general dictionaries, but it also lists the special dictionaries as well. The most important lexicographic institution in Serbia is The Institute for Serbian Language within The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. The biggest and most important dictionary of Serbian language is currently being made there – The Dictionary of SANU, and the dictionaries such as The Serbian Dictionary of Etymology, as well as The Dictionary of the Church Slavonic Language – Serbian edition. The second important lexicographic institutions in Serbia is the Matica srpska, in Novi Sad.

Keywords: Serbian lexicography, Serbian dictionaries, general dictionaries, special dictionaries, pre-Vuk Serbian lexicography, post-Vuk Serbian lexicography, Serbian language.

REFERENCES

1. Belich, А. (1959). Introduction. Dictionary of Serbo–Croatian Literary and Folk Language. Vol. P. VII – XXXIX. Belgrade (іn Serb.).
2. Vuk Stefanovich Karagich, (2018). Serbian dictionary explanated by German and Latin words. Serbian lexicography from Vuk till today. Catalogue of exhibition. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). P. 21 – 35. Belgrade (іn )
3. Vuxanovich, М. (2012). Book before books. Serbian dictionary or alfabetical novel. Novi Sad (іn )
4. Gortan Premk, D. (1984). Serbo-Croatian lexicography of XIX century. Our lenguage, XXVI/2– 3, 139 – 146 (іn ).
5. Grickat, I. (1960). Academic dictionaries and their tasks – on the occassion of first volume of the Dictionary of Serbian academy of sciences and arts. Our language, X/ 3 – 6, 88 – 100; X/7 – 10, 212 – 227 (іn ).
6. Grickat, I. (1972). One German-Slavic-Serbian dictionary – the copy of Jovan Rajich from 1741 year. South Slavic filologist, XXIX/1 – 2, 153 – 194 (іn ).
7. Grickat, I. (1981). Lexicographic procedures in the dictionary of SANU and JAZU: On the example of the verbs with prefix за-. Our language, XXV/1 – 2, 3 – 23 (іn ).
8. Grickat Radulovich, I. (1988). Dictionary of Serbian academy of sciences and arts – beginnings and perspectives. Voice of SANU, CCCLII/13, 25 – 40 (іn ).
9. Gudkov, V.P. (1993). Serbian lexicography of XVIII century. Moskow (in Rus.).
10. Dragichevich, R. (2015). About life and language of Serbs in monarchy of Habsburg at the end of XVIII century on the basis of one dictionary. Beginnings, 1, 113 – 129. Temishvar – Nish (іn ).
11. Dragichevich, R. (2018). Serbian lexicon in the past and today. Novi Sad (іn ).
12. Ivanovich, N. (2013). History of the work over the Dictionary of SANU (1853 – 1953): one century of the development of modern Serbian lexicography. Slavic lexicography. Chernyshova, M.I. (Ed.). P. 166 – 198. Moskow (іn ).
13. Ivanovich, N. (2018). Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Folk language by Serbian academy of sciences and arts. Serbian lexicography from Vuk till today. Catalogue of exhibition. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). P. 65 – 81. Belgrade (іn ).
14. Ivanovich, N., Milanov, N. (2018). Lexicography of Serbian Literary language – lexicographic program of Matica Srpska. Serbian lexicography from Vuk till today. Сatalogue of exhibition. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). P. 83 – 91. Belgrade (іn ).
15. Ivich, P. (1966). About Dictionary of Vuk from 1818 year. Serbian dictionary. Belgrade (іn ).
16. Јovanovich, G. (2007). Guro Dictionary of Serbian literary antiquities – work of impassible lexical value. Sixty years of the Institute for Serbian language of SANU. Collected works, I, 293 – 297. Belgrade (іn Serb.).
17. Towards the structure of corpus of the new Dictionary of modern Serbian language in many volumes of Matica srpska (2018). Serbian language – status, system, usage. Collected works to honour of Prof. Milosh Kovachevich. Jelena Petkovich, Vladimir Polomac (Eds.). P. 195 – 205. Kragujevac (іn ).
18. Lalevich, M.S. (1983). Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary language of Matica srpska I – VI, analysis and notes. Belgrade (іn ).
19. Macanovich, А. (2018). Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti. Serbian lexicography from Vuk till today. Catalogue of exhibition. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). P. 51 – 65. Belgrade (іn ).
20. Novakovich, S. (1888). Serbian Royal academy and caring for Serbian language. Voice of Serbian Royal academy, 10, 5 – 87 (іn ).
21. Ostojich, T. (1923). Zakharija Orfelin, his life and activity. Vol. XLVI: Philosophical and philological sciences. Vol. Belgrade (іn Serb.).
22. Peshican, M. (1974 – 1975). One third work of compiling the big dictionary of SANU. Our language, XX/1 – 5 (іn ).
23. Peshican, M. (1978). Ten volumes of the Dictionary of SANU. Our language, XXIII/3 – 4 (іn ).
24. (1967). Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary language, 1, 7 – 14. Novi Sad – Zagreb (іn Serb.).
25. Ristich, S. (2012). Corpus of Serbian language in the Dictionary of JAZU – philological program of Guro Danichich. Collected works of International Scientific conference “Serbian language, literature, art”. Structural features of Serbian language. Vol. I,13 – 21. Kragujevac (іn ).
26. Rogich, P. (1975). Dictionary of Croatian or Serbian language of JAZU and its first editor Guro Danichich. Our language, XXI/3, 141 – 150 (іn ).
27. Ruvarac, D. (1914). Attachments to the history of Serbian literature. 11. About first Latin ABC book for Serbian children. Branko’s circle, 20/ Belgrade (іn Serb.).
28. Savich, V. (2018). Dictionary of Serbian literary antiquities. Compiled by G. Danichich. In Belgrade, at the State printing house, 1863 – 1864. Serbian lexicography from Vuk till today. Сatalogue of exhibition. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). P. 35 – 51. Belgrade (іn ).
29. Rajna, Dragichevich (Ed.). (2014). Modern Serbian lexicography in theory and practice. Belgrade (іn ).
30. Milosav Teshich, Rajna Dragichevich, Nenad Ivanovich (Eds.). (2018). Serbian lexicography from Vuk till Catalogue of exhibition. Belgrade (іn Serb.).
31. Stanojchich, Zh. (1976). Dictionary and linguistic culture. On the occasion of publication the last volume of the Dictionary of JAZU. Our language, XXII/3, 95 – 97 (іn ).
32. Trifunovich, G. (1975). About Dictionary of Serbian antiquities of Danichich. Guro Danichich. Dictionary of Serbian antiquities, III, 619 – 646. Belgrade (іn ).
33. Fekete, E. (1993). About Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Folk language of SANU. One hundred years of lexicographic work in SANU. 21 – 49. Belgrade (іn Serb.).
34. Šipka, D. (2000). A Bibliography of Serbo-Croatian Dictionaries: Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian Muslim. Springfield (in Eng.).
35. Shipka, D. (2006). Foundations of lexicology and related branches of science. Novi Sad (іn ).