THE POSSIBLE AND THE IMPOSSIBLE IN THE DIACHRONOUS OYKONYMY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KYIV REGION

Olha Karpenkо, Doctor in Philology, Leading Researcher of the Department of History of Ukrainian Language and Onomastics, Institute of the Ukrainian Language of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
4 Hrushevskyi St., Kyiv 01001, Ukraine

Е-mail: olga.petrivna.karpenko@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-2565

Heading: Researches
Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: The example of the Kyiv region’s oykonyms illustrates the difficulties faced by the linguist in the study of the names of settlements. The problems that arise in the analysis of chronicle oykonyms are illustrated by the example of Pereyaslav. In formal terms, the oykonym Pereyaslavl’ is appropriate to be considered as a possessive of *-j(ь) on the first name Pereyaslav. The first component is motivated by the verb ‘to adopt’, the second is ‘a glory’, which is productive of composite names. Chronicle form ‘Russkiy Pereyaslavl’ gave rise to a version of the name transfer of Pereyaslavl’ from Bulgaria. The designation of Russkiy ‹ Rus performed a distinctive function with respect to other oykonyms, including the Bulgarian Preslav the Great. The coherence of the names of the new city with the Bulgarian Preslav does not prove the common origin of the oykonyms. For most archaic oykonyms, one can only speak of anthroponyms, without specifying a particular person.

The settlement of Mutizhir, known from the chronicles, initially disappeared and was subsequently rebuilt and renamed: Motyzhir, Motyzhyn, Borisov and again Motyzhyn. The name Mutizhyr does not pass over the XII century, and the settlement of Motyzhyn is mentioned only at the end of the XV century. The chronicle anthroponym-composite Mutizhir could not be a motivator in the new conditions of the oykonyms formation. The name Motyzhyn has changed so much in comparison with the chronicle of primary sources that it became perceived as an independent possessive formation.

Oykonimikon of XVII century allows one to define an etimon-anthroponym, often without specifying its carrier. For example, the oykonym Karapyszi is a specific Slavic plural form from the nickname Karapysz which is a derivative formation with dialectic implementation of the root morpheme, the initial base *tort-.

Only certain names attract the written information about its owner and founder. It is correctly to include Dytyatky in the Kyiv region to such oykonyms.

Keywords: oykonym, oykonym in chronicles, word-forming model, anthroponim, appellative, etymology.

LEGEND

АКЖГУ – Act Book of the Zhytomyr City Government in 1611. (2002). Resp. to type: A.M. Matviіenko, V.M. Moisiіenko. Zhytomyr (in Ukr.).
Акты ЛРГ – Acts of the Lithuanian-Russian state. (1899). With a foreword by M.V. Dovnar-Zapolsky. Issue І. (1390–1529). Readings in imperial society of history and antiquities of Russia at Moscow University. Book 4. P. 1–258. Moscow (in Rus.).
АЮЗР – Archive of South-West Russia, published by the commission for the analysis of ancient acts […]. (1886). Part VII. Vol. 1. Kyiv (in  Rus.).
ДІП – Sources from the history of the Poltava Regiment. Mid XVII–XVIII cent. (2007). Vol. I: Computes and revisions of the Poltava Regiment. Computus 1649. Computus 1718. Ordered and ready for printing, introductory article V.A. Mokliak. Poltava (in Ukr.).
Жеґуц, Піпаш – Zheguts, I., Pipash, Yu. (2001). Vocabulary dictionary of Hutsul in Transcarpathia. Munich (in Ukr.).
Ляскоронский – Lyaskoronsky, V.G. (1897). Foreign maps and atlases XIV and XVII century related to Southern Russia. Kyiv (in Rus.).
МАСМ – Materials for the dictionary of Mogilev oblast. (1981). Minsk (in Bel.).
МСК – Cities and villages of Ukraine: Kyiv region. (2011). Part II. Kyiv (in Ukr.).
Новикова   – Novikova, Yu.M. (2007). Practical word-spelling Dictionary of Central and Eastern Donetsk surnames. Donetsk (in Ukr.).
Похилевич – Pohilevich, L.I. (2005). Tales of the populated areas of the Kyiv province or Statistical, historical and church notes on all villages, villages, towns and cities within the province. Bila Tserkva (in Rus.).
ПСРЛ І – Complete collection of Russian chronicles. (1962). Vol. I. Laurentian Chronicle and Suzdal Chronicle by Academic List. Moscow (in Rus.).
ПСРЛ ІІ  – Complete collection of Russian chronicles. (1962). Vol. II. Ipatiev Chronicle. Moscow (in Rus.).
ПСРЛ VII – Complete collection of Russian chronicles published by to the highest command of the Archaeographic Commission. (1856). Vol. VII. Chronicle of the Voskresensk List St. Petersburg (in Rus.).
Сабадош – Sabadosh, I. (2008). Dictionary of Transcarpathian dialect of Sokyrynitsa village of Khust district. Uzhgorod (in Ukr.).
СРНГ – Filin, V.P. (Ed.) (1977). Dictionary of Russian folk dialects. Issue. 13. Leningrad (in Rus.).
Тупиков – Tupikov, N.M. (1903). Dictionary of Old Russian personal proper names. SPb. (in Rus.).
Ук. – Index to the first eight volumes of the Complete Assembly of Russians chronicles. (1907). Dep. II. Geographical index. SPb. (in Rus.).
Чучка      – Chuchka, P.P. (2005). Surnames of Transcarpathian Ukrainians: A Dictionary of History and Etymology. Lviv (in Ukr.).
ЭСБМ – Martynov, V.U. (Ed.). (1989). Etymological dictionary of the Belarusian language. Vol. 5. Minsk (Bel.).
LM – Lithuanian Metrics. (1995). Book № 8 (1499–1514). Notebook 8. Vilnius (in Lit.).
SG – Geographical dictionary of the Polish Kingdom and other Slavic countries. (1880–1902). Vol. I–XV. Warsaw (in Pol.).
SN – Rymut, K. (1992–1994). Dictionary of surnames used in Poland today. T.VI. Krakow (in Pol.).
Źdz. – Historical sources. (1876 – 1915). Vol. І– XXIV. Warsaw (in Pol.).

REFERENCES

1. Etymological Dictionary of the Chronicles geographic names of the Southern Rus. (1985). Kyiv: Naukova dumka (in Ukr.).
2. Yordanov, (1995). The name of Preslav in the written sources. Pliska – Preslav. Vol. 7. P. 71–86. Sofia (in Bol.).
3. Zheleznyak,M. (1974). History of the Chronicle of the Mutizhir. Movoznavstvo, 3, 61–65 (in Ukr.).
4. Kozlova,M. (1997). The structure of the pre-Slavic word. Pre-Slavic word in the genetic nest. Gomel (in Bel.).
5. Kolibenko,V. (2000). Danube and Pereyaslav region: historical-archeological and toponymic parallels. Scientific Bulletin of the Izmail State Pedagogical Institute. Issue 9. P. 16– 8. Ismail (in Ukr.).
6. Luchyk, V.V. (2014). Etymological dictionary of toponyms of Ukraine. Kyiv (in Ukr.).
7. Lyaskoronsky,G. (1903). The history of Pereyaslav land from ancient times to the half of the XIII century. Kyiv (in Ukr.).
8. Marojevic, (1983). Anthroponymic Categories in Ancient Russian Language (Question Contribution to the Reconstruction of the Praslavonic System). Onomatological Contributions, IV, 137–177 (in Serb.).
9. Neroznak,P. (1983). Names of ancient Russian cities. Moscow (in Ukr.).
10. Padalka,V. (1914). The past of Poltava territory and its settlement. Poltava (in Rus.).
11. Kotsur, V., Kolibenko, (Eds.). (2007). Pereyaslav in the ages. Kyiv (in Ukr.).
12. Stryzhak,S. (1973). Northerners. Movoznavstvo, 3, 64–71 (in Ukr.).
13. Tolochko,P. (2015). Essays on initial Russia. Kyiv – St. Petersburg: Laurus (in Rus.).
14. Fasmer, M. (1987). Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language. Vol. III. Moscow: Progress (in Rus.).