Comparable description of suffixes -ина and -чина (-щина) in history of Ukrainian (nomens of wild-life)

Petro Bilousenko
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Leading researcher of the Department of History of the Ukrainian Language and Onomastics
Institute of the Ukrainian Language of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
4 Hrushevskyi St., Kyiv 01001, Ukraine
Е-mail: pbilousenko@gmail.com

Heading: Researches
Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: Based on material of old written memos of the Ukrainian language from the oldest times to modern, the comparable analysis of functions of suffix -чина (-щина) and its predecessor -ина is carried out. Forming of word-formation and lexical formation types is analysed in forming of the following names of wild-life: persons, animals, plants. It is proven that persons’ suffix -ина had a high productivity in creation of derivates with different, mainly modificational, word-forming meaning. The suffix -чина (-щина) yielded to the predecessor in word-formation activity and created the names of people of persons mostly with other semantics.

The suffix -ина inherited ability to form the names of animals from the Old Slavic language. In old standards in the Middle Ukrainian and New Ukrainian languages the myriad of names appeared with the meaning of totality, female,  with  pejorative and super-diminutive semantic,  quite a bit formations with singularity meaning. The suffix -чина (-щина) did not participate in creation of the names of animals. From the end of ХІХ century it is documented only a few derivatives mainly with double motivation: рибчина (<риба, рибка), кобильчина (<кобила, кобилка).

The names of plants with the suffix -ина on different signs existed in the Old Slavic Language, they also could mean of cluster of trees, mostly names of the forests (groves) with the certain species of trees. Old formations moved to the Ukrainian language and became a standard for appearance of the names based on  their original appearance, by connection with animals, action on organism, by the place of origin, etc. The suffix of -чина (-щина) was not active in producing of  names of plants, the derivatives with this formant with alike word-forming meaning to the derivatives on -ина, but by other formative bases, documented late enough, that shows altogether the appearance in the Ukrainian language of the new derivative means.

Keywords: a historical word-formation, suffixes of -чина (-щина) and -инa, is word-formations and leksiko-word-formation types, names of persons, zoons, plants.

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